( 71 ) CHAP. IX DESCRIPTION OF THE SINGLE INCLINED PLANE, PLATE III. This plane must be constructed in every respect like one of the planes in the first machine; also the pit, tub, a and balance chains, similar; the drum wheel about the same diameter and placed over the pit in the same manner; the remainder of the apparatus varying from the first machine, for the following reasons. On this plane. the boats will both rise and descend; therefore, there is two degree of power required, and two portions of space to pass through. The first, in raising the boat out of the upper canal over the bridge of the plane, will not require so much power or space as the second, in raising her from the lower to the upper canal. To effect this, A, in Fig III. is a vertical wheel, eight feet diameter, three or four feet on the face, on which the leading chain or rope is to lap; the shaft of this wheel extending towards the drum, has two wheels of different diameters; two of different diameters are also on the drum shaft: suppose the plane two hundred feet long, and the pit one hundred feet deep, the works must multiply four times in order to raise the boat from the lower to the upper canal; hence let the drum be four feet diameter, B eight feet, C two feet, thus C, and the vertical wheel A, on the same shaft, will make four revelation, while the drum performs on, and raise the boat four hundred feet while the tub descends on hundred. Again when the boat is to be raised out of the upper canal on the bridge of the plane, she will move through a space of about sixty feet, while the tub descends one hundred; thus the speed is reversed, the tub passing more space than the boat: for this purpose, let the diameter D be eight feet, and the diameter E two feet, which is half the diameter of the drum; and the vertical wheel A, will perform but one revolution while the drum makes two; and the tub will descend one hungered feet while the boats moves fifty, rising out of the upper canal on the bridge of the plane; thus the two movements are produced by reversing the diameters: and, to cast them in and out of gear, C and D work on a round part of the shafts, and may turn round the shaft stood still, which will be the case on the return of the water tub; between the two there is a boss, on the square part of the shaft, which allows it to move from side to side, but cannot turn except with the shaft: when it is necessary C, and B, should be in action for the quick movement, the boss is cast into C, by means of the lever, and D turns round the shaft without confining the works; when the flow movement is to be performed, in raising the boat out of the upper canal, the boat is cast into D, and C is left at liberty; by this means, the teeth of the wheels are always in gear, and the boss fixes that to the shaft which is to act, leaving the other to turn as the revolution of its opponent requires; the boss will also leave both wheels at liberty, as in the Drawing, which must be the case while the tub returns to the top of the pit. For the purpose of raising the boat out of the upper canal, there is a roller placed beneath the vertical-wheel. As at F and G Fig. 11. round which the chain makes a double; In raising the boat to the upper canal, she must be hooked at the stern, or lower end; and before the chain comes to a perpendicular, under the vertical-wheel, the boat will pass the bridge of the plane and run into the upper canal, conveying with it the chain under the roller, at F, which represents the boat entering the upper canal. On raising the boat out of the upper canal, she is also hooked behind, as at G; the machine being put into act, and the chain bearing on the roller G, will draw her over the bridge; when casting off the water tub, she immediately begins to descend without further trouble, the movement being regulated either by a break or centrifugal fans. At bottom, she is unhooked, and a boat linked to the chain, the man at the top casting the boss into C, draws water into the tub till a power is created; and the boat will rise the plane, pass, the bridge, and run into the upper canal, the man casting off the boss on passing the bridge. The whole of this operation may be in six minutes, consequently, four tons up and four down, in six minutes, will amount to nine hundred and sixty tons in twelve hours: should the trade surpass this quantity, the machine may work by night, as mentioned of the first apparatus; consequently, one thousand nine hundred and twenty tons may be performed in twenty-four hours; which, I hope, exhibits the power of executing a very important trade at a single plane, even admitting the operation twice as long as here estimated; it is therefore well suited to lateral cuts, or such districts as produce about five hundred tons in twelve hours. Estimate for a single inclined plane, one hundred feet rise, the plane on an angle of twenty degrees, the average of situations being considered. L. s. d. Removing 3000 cubic yards in sloping the hill, at 5d per yard 62 10 0 Forming the ends of canal top and bottom 100 0 0 268 yards rubble walling at 5s per yard 67 0 0 134 yards squared ashlar coping, 18 inches thick, 3 feet long, at 15s the lineal yard 100 10 0 268 yards cast-iron rails, 100 cwt per yard, 15s per cwt 201 0 0 Bedding the rails in the coping, lead and pins, at 2s per cwt 26 6 0 60 rollers to bear the chains of the planes 5s each 15 0 0 400 feet chain, 2s per foot 40 0 0 34 yards tub pit, 11 feet diameter, 4l 10s per yard 153 0 0 100 yards sough, at 12s per yard 66 0 0 1 wrought iron tub 60 0 0 700 feet chain to the tub, balance, and weight, at 4s per foot 140 0 0 Drum wheel, 8 feet long, 4 diameter, spur gear, &c 100 0 0 Pinions, boss, and wheels 60 0 0 Centrifugal fans, or break 40 0 0 Trough to conduct the water to the pit 10 0 0 Building to cover and support the works 100 0 0 _______ 1,391 6 0 Contingencies, 10 per cent 139 0 0 _______ Total, 1,530 6 0 Locks for 25 ton boats, 100 feet rise 7000 0 0 Single inclined plane to the same height 1530 6 0 _______ Saving 5469 14 0 _______ Locks for 40 ton boats, 100 feet rise 10000 0 0 Single inclined plane to the same height 1530 6 0 _______ Saving 8469 14 0 _____________________________________________________________________________________